An implant is a component that has the root form tooth and is made mainly of titanium, the implant is surgically placed in the jawbone (upper) or jawbone (lower) below the gum tissue.
The artificial tooth (the visible part of the tooth) is placed on the implant, commonly a crown or dental prosthesis is used.
Dental implants are one of the best options for people who have lost a tooth or several, because they are firm, strong, resistant and in most cases they are useful for many years and even a lifetime.
They are generally considered primarily two types of dental implants which are:
- Endo-osseous.
- Subperiosteal (juxta-osseous).
Both types of dental implants are described below.
- Endo-bone implants (osseointegrated or in-bone)
Currently, the endo-osseous implant is the most commonly used type of dental implant. This type of implant is surgically placed in the jawbone or jawbone. When the implant is ready, it is expected to osseointegrate it.
Osseointegration of an implant is defined as a direct, structural and functional connection between bone and the implant surface. When it is finished, the prosthesis or crown is placed on top of it to give it the appearance of a tooth.
There are several forms of the endosseous implant:
- Cylindrical.
- Screw (threaded), is currently the most used.
- Sheets.
This type of implant is generally used as an alternative for patients with removable dentures or bridges.
- Screw-shaped implant type (endosseous)
It is probably the type of implant most used by dentists today, the implant is literally shaped like a screw and is made of a biocompatible metal, the titanium.
One of the several advantages that this type of dental implant includes is the possibility of being placed in one or more teeth consecutively.
Also with the advances in dentistry, the surface of the implant is altered by means of Titanium Plasma Spray (TPS) which achieves a greater force in implantation with the bone, therefore reduces osseointegration timeand the results are more effective, besides they last a long timemore time po than the other types of implant.
The other forms of endosseous implants are no longer widely used today.
These implants have small perforations so that the bone can develop inside and thus remain firmly placed, for this implant the use of a scalpel is necessary. The process to carry out this type of implant is usually somewhat slow because the bone must be integrated little by little, so nowadays they are not widely used.
- Laminated dental implants
These implants give us very good results when the bone is quite wide and deep. Dentists do not recommend its use in the event that the loss of the tooth is total.
- Implants Subperiostics or Juxta-bones
These types of implants consist of a metal frame that is placed in the jaw bone just below the gum tissue. For this reason, these are shaped like the rim of the bone so that they can be fixed properly. falling into disuse. As they are placed above the bone, the main problem with this type of implant lies in osseointegration.
Mainly, this type of dental implant is used for patients who cannot use conventional dentures and who have a minimum bone height so it is not possible to use an endosseous implant.
